Showing posts with label Science. Show all posts
The Rise of Jantar Mantar
Today I was thinking about a very popular thing: Jantar Mantar, not in context to the real jantar mantar but related to
something new to which we can relate in today’s era. But before
discussing about a thing I always try to analyse its history. So let us grab a
quick recap of Jantar Mantar.
We popularly recognize jantar mantar as place of doing dharna,
historical piece located in delhi, but jantar mantar has great history
(scientific and astronomical) attached to it.
There are 5 Jantar Mantar Monuments in India located in New
Delhi, Jaipur, Varanasi, Mathura, Ujjain. Largest one is in Jaipur. The jantars have names like Samrat Yantra, Jai Prakash, Ram Yantra and
Niyati Chakra, each of which are used to for various astronomical calculations. These astronomical observatories were built Sawai Jai Singh II in around 1724.
 |
| Time Indication of sundial |
But why these observatories
were built? As History is all about interpretation, so according to me there is
only reason to build these and that is Curiosity.
It is curiosity of human mind which led to creation of these tools to measure
the universal acts.
Anyways what’s
the present scenario? The Jantar Mantar’s have become a place of doing
protests.
We hear periodic news of protest being conducted there. But no, Jantar Mantar are not just peice of ancient site or place of doing protest. Jantar Mantar is more than this. Jantar mantar is an idea which is helping humans to evolve. The idea which fills future with advancements.
Did not get what i am talking about?
I am talking about the technology we are using and the more advanced tech which we'll be using tomorrow.
Lets me explain. The present tech is mainly based upon two main things:
1. Hardware 2.Software.
Now consider, Jantar as hardware part(Equipment, Tools etc. ) and Mantar as the power behind the hardware i.e the logic, software, science which gives power to the Jantar. So it becomes Jantar and Mantar. This word has nothing relative to my interest but it's an idea in which we live in.
It is really interesting to thing this human evolution with an idea of Jantar And Mantar (The indefinite future).
"Jantar Mantar Rocks"
Paving out the way through spiritual physics!
Physics, Spiritualism and Hoax Freedom
We talk about freedom
but do we actually know it’s true meaning. Nowadays no one believes anything
without scientific facts. So let’s use physics to actually know what freedom
means in science in spite of its constitutional definition.
While thinking about
freedom, the first fact that my mind captures is the “motion of free particle”: which means or relate
to free particle motion which is not under any influence of external force or
factor.
In accordance to the
above fact, it can be concluded that there can be no freedom to us. In the
materialistic world freedom just remains a
hoax, mere a thing of
misinterpretation. Just a have a quick think. How can human thoughts, emotions,
action, body be free? As they all are being influenced by external factors.
·
Our thoughts are
influenced by other people thoughts, motivation, inspiration etc.
·
Our action is full of
purpose, expression is bounded by societies external factor and then also we
say we are free.
Where is thing which
makes us free? Is there anything?
Let's be optimistic,
let's attain freedom. So what is real freedom? Real freedom is truth which
emerges from the inner soul. Attain freedom of action by performing action without
a purpose. Freedom of speech is about speaking words of truth. Freedom of life is to achieve
one goal with action done with full dedication and that goal is true
realization.
Tag :
Science
The God Theory #1
In the present world, we cannot believe anything without science. To believe we need reasons and conceptions. Same is the case of god. Some says god is unreal and some says that god is merely an imagination.
This manuscript will show you the meaning of god from scientific angle and make you realize what actually a God is, away from the religious context!
We studied about human evolution but have you ever wondered how god evolved over time. Yes, I am talking about the evolution of god. As human beings started developing, their thoughts also progressed and they started to get better understanding on things. In history we see that ancient Greek, Egypt they treated the physical things like thunder, wind, sun as their gods and god took the place of many things (from symbolic to spiritual). So what we observe that, the idea of god is evolving as the time is moving.
This manuscript will show you the meaning of god from scientific angle and make you realize what actually a God is, away from the religious context!
The Evolution!
| The idea of God always changed over time! |
As the ideas of human mind have evolved, the Gods have also evolved. But the question arises that...............
Are these ideas all true?
We see that man's ideas about God are constantly changing and expanding. But what is god?Is it only the manifestation of human mind? Yes god that we know is only the unreal manifestation. Because our ideas have evolved over time, so the gods too have evolved but the real god is immovable, unchangeable, pure and always perfect and in the same way the idea we form of god is a mere manifestation, our own creation.
Through this i do not mean that there is no god, but behind all these things I believe that there is a real god who never changes, the ever pure, the immutable.
So as the manifestation is always changing, revealing the reality behind more and more.
Thus as we grow, so the god's grow !
From ordinary point of view, as we reveal ourselves or as we evolve, so the gods evolve themselves too.
To be continued.................
- by ParaZz
Tag :
Science
Cryptography
Cryptography basically means making
and breaking code. It is a practice and study of techniques for secure communication
in the presence of third parties. In modern times cryptography has got its
applications in ATM, passwords, E-commerce etc.
But from where it originated? To learn about that let’s go back in the past. We get
the trace of first crypto science in ancient India during 683 CE. Also ancient Egypt,
China, Greeks were also profound in crypto science
An Example of Ancient Cryptography:
Gopibhagya
madhuvrata srngisodadhisandhiga I
Khalajivitakhatava galahalarasandhara II
This shloka,
a hymn to Lord Krishna or Shiva, gives the value of pi upto 31 decimal places.
ga - 3 pii -
1 bhaa - 4 gya - 1 ma - 5 dhu - 9 ra - 2 ta -6 shru - 5 ga - 3 sho - 5 da - 8
dhi - 9 sa - 7 dha - 9ga - 3 kha - 2 la - 3 jii - 8 vi - 4 ta - 6 kha - 2 ta
- 6 va - 4 ga - 3 la - 3 ra - 2 sa - 7 dha - 9 ra – 2
pi = 3.1415926535897932384626433832792 Katapayadi system is used to encode numbers in many shlokas
To remember the value of pi upto 31 decimal places
cryptography techniques were used by Ancient India.
|
||
JULIUS
CAESAR CREATED A SECURE CIPHER! (Ancient Crptography)
Over two thousand years ago, Roman Emperor Julius Caesar invented a simple cipher system to send secret messages to his officers in the field. The Caesar Cipher shifts the alphabet forward three places to create a new alphabet for sending secret messages.
Standard
Alphabet:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Caesar Alphabet: X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W
EXAMPLE: The message THE ENEMY IS
NEAR would
be written
QEB BKBJV FP KBXO using the Caesar Cipher system. |
Modern
Cryptography
As the Internet and other forms of electronic communication become
more prevalent, electronic security is
becoming increasingly important. Cryptography is used to protect e-mail messages, credit card information, and
corporate data.
In modern days cryptography has become securing information
from an eve. More generally, cryptography is about constructing and analyzing protocols that block Eve (or adversaries); various
aspects in information
security such as data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation are central to modern cryptography.
Modern cryptography exists at the intersection of the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and electrical engineering.
To understand the modern Cryptography we
need to understand some of the terms:
Cipher: A mapping algorithm that is applied
to a fixed number of characters at a time with an intent of concealing the
contents of the message.
Code: A mapping algorithm that is applied to a variable
number of characters (according to linguistic entities) at a time with intent
of concealing the contents of the message.
Cryptanalysis: The study of methods of reading enciphered and
encoded messages without original knowledge of the cipher method used or the
current keys.
Cryptography: The study of methods of enciphering and deciphering
messages to conceal the contents of a message.
Cryptology: The study of both cryptography (enciphering and
deciphering) and cryptanalysis (breaking or cracking a code system or
individual messages).
Deciphering: The procedure of turning enciphered text into plain
text with prior knowledge of the algorithms or keys involved. This is
what the intended message receiver does.
Decryption: The science of turning enciphered text into plain
text without prior knowledge of the algorithms or keys involved. This is
what the interceptor or 'cracker' does.
Modern
Cryptography can be divided into many types:
Secret key cryptography:
All codes are a bit
like padlocks. You "lock" your message, the message travels to its
destination, and then the recipient "unlocks" it and reads it. But
not all codes work the same way.
Suppose you're an agent working in New
Delhi, India and you need to send a message to another agent in Mumbai, India.
The best way to do it is for the two of you to meet up in advance, in person,
and agree on a method of locking and unlocking all the messages you'll send and
receive in future. This method is called a secret key, because only the two of
you will have access to it. The secret key could be something like "Replace every letter in the message
with another letter three further on in the alphabet."
So, to send the message "HELLO" to your contact in
Rome, you simply move each letter three forward, which gives you "KHOOR." When the person at
the other end gets the message, he simply has to move each letter back three
positions in the alphabet to find out what you're really saying. In this case,
the key isn't a piece of metal you poke in a lock: it's the method of cracking
the code by shifting the letters. Real secret keys are obviously much more
complex and sophisticated than this.
 |
| Flowchart Explaining Encryption |
wi-fi
Password Encryption (WPA-PSK)
This way of securing information is also called PSK (pre-shared key) and in some
circumstances it's very effective. It's widely used to secure wireless Internet networks, for example. When you set up a
secure wireless network, you're asked to choose a secret key (effectively, a
password) that's known to both your wireless router (your main local access
point to the Internet) and to any portable computers that need to use it. When
you're using wireless Internet, you may notice that your connection is
encrypted with something called WPA-PSK
(Wi-Fi Protected Access-Pre-Shared Key). If you try to log onto a new
wireless network and you're asked for a password, what you're really supplying
is a secret key that will be used to encrypt and decrypt all the messages that
pass back and forth.
Although
secret (pre-shared) keys are effective and secure for things like this, they're
not at all useful in other situations—like sending secure messages to people
you've never met. That's because they rely on your knowing and meeting the
person you're communicating with in advance to exchange the secret key. What if
you can't do that? What if you want to exchange secure information with someone
you've never met—someone who could be on the opposite side of the world? That's
exactly the problem you have when you're paying for things online.
Public-key
Encryption:
In that case, you can use a different system called
public-key cryptography, which is how online encryption works. The basic idea
is simple.
Each person
has two keys, one called a public key
and one called a secret key. Each
"key" is actually a long,
meaningless string of numbers—nothing like a metal key you'd use to open
and close a door lock.
The public key is something you can share with anyone, while the secret key is
something you must keep private. Suppose you want to send a message to a friend
using public key cryptography. You use their public key (which they've freely
shared with the world) to encrypt the message and turn it into gibberish. You
email the scrambled message to them over the Internet and when they receive it
they use their secret key to decrypt (unscramble) and read it.
Public-key cryptography: Anyone can encrypt a message and send it to you (using your public
key), but only you can read it (using your secret key).
Tag :
Science
Why Speaker Squeal? ( Acoustic Feedback)
We all have heard the
loud beep sound that is arised in public address system.
Ever Noticed, why howling sound is
produced in P.A (public address) System? Here is the reason.
The howling sound is produced when mic is brought near to speaker. This process is called "Acoustic Feedback". The Science behind this effect was first discovered by Soren Absalon Larson (Danish Scientist). Hence also known as "Larson Effect".
Public address system consists of 3
main parts:
1. The
microphone to capture the sound signal.
2. The amplifier to
increase the power of the signal.
3. The
loudspeaker to projects the signal outwards at the desired audible frequency.
 |
| Sound-Loop (Acoustic feedback) |
The main cause of this
is the creation of sound loop by all the above component.
If a person taps on
the microphone in front of the speakers, the reverberation travels through the
mic, into the amp, and out of the speakers. The continuous sound created
by the initial resonance that ends up coming out of the speakers is then picked up by the microphone, which creates a circular audio
loop that amplifies its own frequency—and creates the uncomfortable, high-pitched screech known
as feedback.
| Resonance is created between mic and speaker. |
Positive side:
| "The Beetles" were first to use acoustic feedback intentionaly in their concerts and now its has beocome a trend. |
This sound is very irritating to our
ears. but it has been intentionally used by
various musicians over the years onstage or on their records. The first
instance of intentional feedback on a song was in the introduction to the Beatles classic “I Feel
Fine”.
Source: Wikipedia (Audio Feedback)
Source: Wikipedia (Audio Feedback)
Journey Beyond Zero- Part 2
 |
| The Mystery of Zero may never reach Zero! |
This is
second version of article Journey beyond Zero or Read Part 1!
We often
disregard the importance of small and despised things. This article will
demonstrate the importance of Zero to every sciences of this universe.
 |
| About 57% of people on this earth pronounce Zero as Nougth (knot) or O! |
Before
getting started let’s get to the history after the invention of zero. The
symbol for zero was developed by ancient Indian astronomer – Brahmagupta. This symbol was recognized as a number of its
own, as both an idea and a symbol. He also developed mathematical operations using
zero. The rules governing the mathematical operations on zero were first time appeared in Brahmgupta's book Brahmgupta Sidhanta (The opening of universe).
Zero laid a new foundation in development of human civilization. With these many new things were discovered which were very effective and accurate. New methods of addition, subtraction were also founded.
Spiritual meaning of Zero: As India is always known for it's spiritual science. So zero was invented in the terms of spiritual meaning. Spiritually zero deals with pure potentiality. Its is the point from where all the numbers spring forth. Also as zero resembles round shape, so this can symbol of eternity, evolution. Also you may notice that zero is beginning of everything. and this beginning is endless.
Zero in physics: The value of zero plays important role in physical science. In physics zero point is taken as reference point for many calculations. Zero has become a standard quantity in sciences. For example: we take freezing point of water as 0°C or a conductor may behave as a superconductor (negligible resistance) at 0 kelvin,
so we see zero as reference point of everything.
Zero in Chemistry: In chemistry we encounter with a term called Absolute Zero. So absolute Zero is a lowest possible temperature were nothing could be colder and no heat remains in the substance (particles are at minimum vibrational motion). So zero is present everywhere. It has become the fundamentals of everything we encounter.
"Imagine if there was no zero, Then how would U count number of neutrons in hydrogen atom"
Zero in mathematics: Zero takes middle position on number line, dividing negative and positive numbers. With the invention of Zero many new principles of multiplication and division jumped in. Decimal system was also invented after the zero came into the world. The mathematical concepts that we study now days are indirectly based upon zero [The mystery].
Zero in biology: We usually do not study numbers in biology. But what if i say that biological science is based upon numbers. You may not believe, but I think that every biological cycles in this universe are based upon Zeroes concept (or vice-versa).
Imagine if there was no zero, human would not be able to find biological secrets. And we would not have so developed society today.
" Every universe-cycle is a big zero"
"what comes around, goes around" -paraZz
Zero Bang Theory: You may not have heard this word before, because i just created it. Yeah this is based upon Stephen Hawking's Big bang theory, Stephen Hawking says that this world was created with a Big Bang but vice versa may be also true, because I say that this universe was created from Zero and it went to infinity.
"Universe opened his maths book,
and starts counting from 0 to ∞ " -paraZz
The Digital Zero revolution: In this era of information, we can't live without our gadgets, computers, smartphones. But what's the Driving concept behind all these, it's the binary code that computers understand (it consists of 0 and 1). not only binary is based upon 0 but electronics also follows the same rule. In electronics 0 means no voltage and 1 means high voltage.
Now days I see that programming has become the basic skill after calculation that everyone must possess, so in programming languages( java, php, perl which i am familiar with) zero array indexing is used, which means that data is indexed from 0. On further study you may also find that this method has its own advantage.
Ultimately we come to a point, that the symbol zero which has in itself nothing but everything in this world possess Zero.
Zero laid a new foundation in development of human civilization. With these many new things were discovered which were very effective and accurate. New methods of addition, subtraction were also founded.
Spiritual meaning of Zero: As India is always known for it's spiritual science. So zero was invented in the terms of spiritual meaning. Spiritually zero deals with pure potentiality. Its is the point from where all the numbers spring forth. Also as zero resembles round shape, so this can symbol of eternity, evolution. Also you may notice that zero is beginning of everything. and this beginning is endless.
| Mystery of Zero is deeper than universe! |
Zero in physics: The value of zero plays important role in physical science. In physics zero point is taken as reference point for many calculations. Zero has become a standard quantity in sciences. For example: we take freezing point of water as 0°C or a conductor may behave as a superconductor (negligible resistance) at 0 kelvin,
so we see zero as reference point of everything.
| Resistance Offered by a conductor at 0 kelvin is 0 ohm! |
Zero in Chemistry: In chemistry we encounter with a term called Absolute Zero. So absolute Zero is a lowest possible temperature were nothing could be colder and no heat remains in the substance (particles are at minimum vibrational motion). So zero is present everywhere. It has become the fundamentals of everything we encounter.
| Can you count Number of neutrons in Hydrogen Atom without 0! |
"Imagine if there was no zero, Then how would U count number of neutrons in hydrogen atom"
Zero in mathematics: Zero takes middle position on number line, dividing negative and positive numbers. With the invention of Zero many new principles of multiplication and division jumped in. Decimal system was also invented after the zero came into the world. The mathematical concepts that we study now days are indirectly based upon zero [The mystery].
| Zero acquires center position on number line! |
Zero in biology: We usually do not study numbers in biology. But what if i say that biological science is based upon numbers. You may not believe, but I think that every biological cycles in this universe are based upon Zeroes concept (or vice-versa).
Imagine if there was no zero, human would not be able to find biological secrets. And we would not have so developed society today.
| Whether it is Bio-cycle or Bi-cycle! - comes from zero! |
" Every universe-cycle is a big zero"
"what comes around, goes around" -paraZz
Zero Bang Theory: You may not have heard this word before, because i just created it. Yeah this is based upon Stephen Hawking's Big bang theory, Stephen Hawking says that this world was created with a Big Bang but vice versa may be also true, because I say that this universe was created from Zero and it went to infinity.
| What' the shape of universe! |
"Universe opened his maths book,
and starts counting from 0 to ∞ " -paraZz
The Digital Zero revolution: In this era of information, we can't live without our gadgets, computers, smartphones. But what's the Driving concept behind all these, it's the binary code that computers understand (it consists of 0 and 1). not only binary is based upon 0 but electronics also follows the same rule. In electronics 0 means no voltage and 1 means high voltage.
Now days I see that programming has become the basic skill after calculation that everyone must possess, so in programming languages( java, php, perl which i am familiar with) zero array indexing is used, which means that data is indexed from 0. On further study you may also find that this method has its own advantage.
Ultimately we come to a point, that the symbol zero which has in itself nothing but everything in this world possess Zero.
| This can be called the future Zero! |
"Why No one wears a jersey of Zero Number?"
| Next time wear 0 Number Jersey before Playing Football! |
"You would not be Reading this article, if there was no zero[0] in this world"
-ParaZz
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Tag :
Science
Journey Beyond Zero!!- Part 1
Journey Beyond Zero!!
If you think
that zero (0) is merely a symbol which is round in shape and used as a numeral
then you may be wrong because zero is more than that. This article will take
you on the journey beyond zero and will make you realize that zero is real
hero!
Before the invention of Zero!!
We see 0
everywhere. From morning to evening we are surrounded by numbers whether we are
in school, home or office. But have you ever imagined that how world looked
before the invention of zero.
We need to
get to the history to know the world before zero!
Numbers were
used thousands of years before the invention of zero. In history we get many
records of the counting methods that were used by ancient people before the
zero was invented.
Egyptians:
Ancient Egypt was an
intelligent and advanced civilization that began almost 8,000 years ago. It
introduced to the world a variety of useful inventions, structures and customs
that are still studied today. They used a special counting method called
hieroglyphic. This method was built upon symbols that represented a special
type of sound. They used this method in measurements, constructions science.
But this method did not have zero or they did not need a zero but still they
were the master of mathematics.
| Egyptians used Hieroglyphic counting Method in their sciences! |
Romans: Romans had rich legacy of innovation and invention can still be seen today. The Romans were prodigious builders and expert civil engineers, and their thriving civilization produced advances in technology, culture, and architecture. Romans also had their number system. It was less sophisticated than Egyptians hieroglyphic. But this number system was also missing main ingredient of today’s mathematics (the zero [0]).
| Romans were also in search of something that was nothing[0]. |
Greeks: The
Greeks gave many great philosophers like Archimedes and Herons and are known
for their invention in mechanics (like screws, gears, rotary mills, calipers,
levers etc.), mining, clock and many more. They brought mathematics to highest
point and had their own number system. This system was new and avoided
repetition of letters.
So all
civilization had advanced technology and science, but they were missing
something. They did not have a thing that was nothing but everything- the zero
[0].
| Greeks were great mathematicians without Zero! |
India’s gift
to the world!!
India known
for spiritual science and ancient philosophy gave the world a philosophical
concept of sunya ( शून्य as
in sanskrit).
”This
thing [0] has nothing, but everything!!”
| Acharya Aryabhatt was first to give the concept of sunya [0]! |
Sunya was
invented by ancient great scientist of india “Acharya Aryabhatt”.
Acharya
Aryabhatt not only just invented merely a symbol but they gave the world the
concept that sunya [0] is origin and end of everything. It means that
everything in this universe comes from zero and goes to the zero [0] ultimately
zero is the origin and the end of everything.
| In India zero was not only used in mathematical form but also in spiritual form! |
The sunya
[0] was represented as a dot and later on in 500 C.E they started using small
circle to represent it.
So
ultimately the zero as a symbol and concept is just like a gift to the world
from India because on this concept only our modern science and digital
technology is based.
Zero travels to west!!
Zero was being
used by Indians from 9th century but it was unknown to the west at
that time. The credit of spreading zero to the world goes to Arabic nomads, who
used to travel place to place. Arabians also had their number system( called
Arabic numbers) but when they came to India they realized the importance of the
number system used in by Aryans, and took this zero’s concept with them and
fused it with the Arabic numbers system.
Westerners
resisted the use of Hindu-Arabic numerals because that numbers looked strange
and moreover use of numbers containing 0 were banned in Italy.
“The Word Zero
comes from Italy”
| Leonardo of Pisa was first European to spread zeros concept in Europe! |
But after
great conflict regarding zero, Leonardo of Pisa (known as Fibbonacci) learnt
Hindu-Arabic numerals and used that knowledge in his book, and finally in 1500s
zero was accepted as a numeral.
“Zero sits at the end of
computer’s keyboard and at bottom of mobile’s keypad, because we always start
counting with 1”
-Read part-2
-Read part-2
--by ParaZz
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Tag :
Science
